Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a branch of AI that focuses on enabling computers to understand, interpret, and generate human language. NLP is crucial for eDiscovery as it allows AI systems to analyze the textual content of documents. Applications of NLP in document review include:

Text Classification: Categorizing documents based on their content (e.g., contracts, emails, pleadings).
Named Entity Recognition (NER): Identifying and extracting specific entities like names, organizations, dates, and locations from text.
Sentiment Analysis: Determining the emotional tone or sentiment expressed in a document.
Topic Modeling: Discovering abstract topics within a collection of documents.